Putin Responds to U.S. Missile Approval with Nuclear Doctrine Overhaul

On the 1,000th day since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, tensions have escalated dramatically with significant developments on both sides. Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree expanding the conditions under which Moscow could use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear states if they are supported by nuclear powers. This decision came shortly after the United States authorized Ukraine to deploy long-range missiles deeper into Russian territory.

The Biden administration’s policy shift allows Ukraine to use US-made ATACMS missiles to target strategic locations inside Russia for the first time. The move signals increased support for Kyiv but arrives just two months before President Joe Biden is set to hand over power to Donald Trump, who has expressed skepticism about continuing substantial military aid to Ukraine.

Putin’s Nuclear Warning

In a clear signal to the West and Ukraine, Putin’s decree broadens Russia’s nuclear doctrine to include retaliation against non-nuclear states that collaborate with nuclear powers. Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov clarified that aggression by a non-nuclear state, supported by a nuclear ally, would be treated as a joint attack. Peskov reiterated that Russia views nuclear weapons as a deterrent, but warned they would be used if Moscow feels “forced” to act.

Additionally, the new doctrine extends to Belarus, Russia’s close ally, reflecting Moscow’s efforts to strengthen its nuclear posture amid growing Western support for Ukraine. NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg had recently stated that he does not see an imminent nuclear threat from Russia, but described Moscow’s rhetoric as “reckless and irresponsible.”

A Grim Milestone in the War

The war between Russia and Ukraine, now Europe’s deadliest conflict since World War II, has left over one million people either dead or gravely injured. Ukrainian cities, towns, and villages have been devastated, with widespread human suffering and destruction of infrastructure. The demographic implications for both nations, already grappling with declining populations before the war, are severe and long-lasting.

Ukraine’s Response: Striking Deeper into Russia

Amid these developments, Ukrainian armed forces conducted their first missile strike into a border region inside Russian territory using ATACMS missiles, according to reports cited by RBC Ukraine. The strike marks a significant escalation, enabled by the recent US policy change. Ukrainian officials described the attack as a strategic move to weaken Russia’s military capacity and reinforce its defensive capabilities.

Russia’s Defiance and Western Warnings

Despite the increased support for Ukraine, the Kremlin dismissed Western aid as inconsequential to the outcome of the war. Peskov stated, “Our operation continues and will be completed,” reflecting Russia’s resolve to persist with its slow-moving offensive in Ukraine.

Western leaders remain firm in their support for Ukraine. NATO’s Stoltenberg warned that Putin must not be allowed to succeed in Ukraine, emphasizing the alliance’s continued assistance to Kyiv. However, the alliance’s stance also seeks to balance military aid with measures to avoid direct confrontation with Moscow.

An Uncertain Future